What effects may a user experience from immersion in VR?:

A comment on methodology and findings from an experimental programme.
Sue Cobb, Sarah Nichols, Amanda Ramsey and John R.Wilson

Virtual Reality Applications Research Team (VIRART),

Department of Manufacturing Engineering and Operations Management,

University of Nottingham, UK.

Abstract

The development of Virtual Reality (VR) technology has led to a recent explosion of interest in the use of VR in the home and workplace, both for serious and leisure applications. Alongside the interest in potential usage of VR, there has been growing concern regarding potential harmful implications of VR including much speculation of a variety of side-effects and long-term psychological consequences. Examination of scientific literature reveals no examples of these effects demonstrated under experimentally controlled conditions and little scientific basis for the kinds of effects speculated. Nonetheless, some of the effects reported are based on anecdotal evidence and any harmful effects of a new technology, no matter how infrequent, need to be examined and understood. The Virtual Reality Applications Research Team (VIRART), at the University of Nottingham, recently completed a two-year research programme funded by the UK's Health and Safety Executive to examine the Health and Safety Implications of Immersive Virtual Reality. This study took a broad approach in order to determine any effects that may arise from the use of VR and utilised methods from other research fields including the assessment of simulator sickness. The results have highlighted research tools applicable to the study of VR effects and the identification of a set of effects unique to VR. This set of effects is described by the term Virtual Reality Induced Symptoms and Effects (VRISE) and includes VR-induced sickness, visual disturbances, psychomotor performance changes, psychological, physiological and/or musculoskeletal effects. This paper will describe the research approach taken in this study and present an overview of the results obtained.

Keywords: Virtual Reality, Health and Safety, symptoms and effects.